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How to Set Up an Intranet on Linux: A Step-by-Step Guide
An intranet is a private network that uses internet technologies to share information and resources within an organization. An intranet can help improve communication, collaboration, productivity and security among employees, departments and branches. In this article, we will show you how to set up an intranet on Linux using free and open source software.
como configurar una intranet en linux
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What You Need
Before you start, you will need the following:
A Linux server with TCP/IP installed and connected to your local area network (LAN) using an Ethernet card. We will use Ubuntu as an example, but you can use any Linux distribution of your choice.
A web server software that can handle HTTP requests. We will use NCSA HTTPd, which is one of the oldest and simplest web servers available. You can download it from here.
A client software that can access the web server using TCP/IP. This can be any web browser, such as Netscape, Internet Explorer or NCSA Mosaic. You can download them from their respective websites.
A Novell Netware client software that can connect to a Netware server using TCP/IP. This is optional, but useful if you want to access files and resources on a Netware server from your intranet. You can download it from here.
A Microsoft Windows client software that can connect to a Windows server using TCP/IP. This is also optional, but useful if you want to access files and resources on a Windows server from your intranet. You can download it from here.
A MacTCP client software that can connect to a Macintosh server using TCP/IP. This is also optional, but useful if you want to access files and resources on a Macintosh server from your intranet. You can download it from here.
How to Configure the Linux Server
The first step is to configure the Linux server to act as a web server and a gateway for your intranet. Follow these steps:
Install NCSA HTTPd on your Linux server by following the instructions on the website.
Edit the configuration file of NCSA HTTPd, which is usually located at /etc/httpd/httpd.conf. You will need to change some parameters according to your network settings, such as the server name, the port number, the document root directory, etc.
Start NCSA HTTPd by running the command /etc/init.d/httpd start or /usr/sbin/httpd -start depending on your installation.
Test if your web server is working by opening a web browser on another computer and typing the IP address of your Linux server in the address bar. You should see a welcome page of NCSA HTTPd.
Configure your Linux server to act as a gateway for your intranet by enabling IP forwarding and setting up routing tables. You will need to edit some files in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts or /etc/network/interfaces depending on your distribution.
Restart your network service by running the command /etc/init.d/network restart or /etc/init.d/networking restart depending on your installation.
How to Configure the Clients
The next step is to configure the clients to access the intranet through the Linux server. Follow these steps for each type of client:
Novell Netware Client
Install the Novell Netware client software on your computer by following the instructions on the website.
Edit the configuration file of Novell Netware client, which is usually located at C:\\NWCLIENT\\NET.CFG or C:\\NOVELL\\CLIENT32\\NET.CFG depending on your installation. You will need to add some parameters according to your network settings, such as the IP address of your Linux server, the name of your Netware server, etc.
Restart your computer and log in to your Netware server using your username and password.
Test if you can access files and resources on your Netware server by opening a file manager or a command prompt and typing commands such as DIR or MAP.
Windows Client
Install the Windows client software on your computer by following the instructions on the website.
Edit the configuration file of Windows client, which is usually located at C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM32\\DRIVERS\\ETC\\HOSTS or C:\\WINNT\\SYSTEM32\\DRIVERS\\ETC\\HOSTS depending on your installation. You will need to add a line with the IP address and the name of your Linux server, such as 172.16.0.1 linux-server.
Restart your computer and open a web browser.
Test if you can access the intranet by typing the name of your Linux server in the address bar, such as http://linux-server. You should see the welcome page of NCSA HTTPd.
Test if you can access files and resources on your Windows server by typing its IP address or name in the address bar, such as http://172.16.0.3 or http://windows-server. You may need to enter your username and password to access them.
MacTCP Client
Install the MacTCP client software on your computer by following the instructions on the website.
Edit the configuration file of MacTCP client, which is usually located at System Folder:Preferences:MacTCP DNR or System Folder:Control Panels:MacTCP depending on your installation. You will need to add a line with the IP address and the name of your Linux server, such as 172.16.0.1 linux-server.
Restart your computer and open a web browser.
Test if you can access the intranet by typing the name of your Linux server in the address bar, such as http://linux-server. You should see the welcome page of NCSA HTTPd.
Test if you can access files and resources on your Macintosh server by typing its IP address or name in the address bar, such as http://172.17.0.5 or http://macintosh-server. You may need to enter your username and password to access them.
How to Configure the Intranet Content
The final step is to configure the intranet content that you want to share with your users. You can create web pages, documents, images, videos, etc. and store them in the document root directory of your web server, which is usually /var/www/html or /usr/local/httpd/htdocs depending on your installation. You can use any web authoring tool or text editor to create and edit your content.
Some tips to make your intranet content more useful and attractive are:
Use a consistent and clear layout and design for your web pages. You can use templates, style sheets, logos, etc. to create a uniform look and feel for your intranet.
Use descriptive and relevant titles, headings, subheadings, keywords, etc. for your web pages. This will help your users to find and understand your content easily.
Use hyperlinks to link your web pages with each other and with external resources. This will create a network of information that your users can explore and navigate.
Use multimedia elements such as images, audio, video, animations, etc. to enhance your content and make it more engaging and interactive. However, do not use too many or too large multimedia elements that can slow down the loading of your web pages.
Use feedback mechanisms such as comments, ratings, surveys, polls, etc. to collect input and opinions from your users. This will help you to improve your content and services according to their needs and preferences.
Conclusion
In this article, we have shown you how to set up an intranet on Linux using free and open source software. We have explained how to configure the Linux server as a web server and a gateway for your intranet, how to configure the clients to access the intranet through the Linux server, and how to configure the intranet content that you want to share with your users. We hope that this article has been helpful and informative for you. If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to contact us. d282676c82
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